Medications
Naloxone
Narcotic antagonist for reversal of opioid-induced respiratory depression
Last updated: 2026-04-12Original source from BCEHS
Indications
Authorized
- Reversal of respiratory depression caused by suspected narcotic intoxication
Contraindications
- Allergy or known hypersensitivity to naloxone
- Neonates
Adult Dosages
Authorized
Reversal of respiratory depression caused by suspected narcotic intoxication
- 0.4 mg IM every 3 minutes as required; maximum 3 doses
- IN administration using metered device every 3 minutes as required; maximum 3 doses
Pediatric Considerations
Authorized
Reversal of respiratory depression caused by suspected narcotic intoxication
- 0.1 mg/kg (to maximum of 2 mg per dose); repeat every 3 minutes; maximum 4 doses
- Higher dose for pediatric patients as they are unlikely to experience withdrawal
Danger
Never administer naloxone to neonates.
Adverse Effects
- Sudden reversal of narcotic intoxication may provoke combativeness
- May produce withdrawal signs and symptoms
- Hypotension or hypertension
- Nausea and vomiting, sweating, tachycardia
Additional Information
Mechanism of Action
Competitively antagonizes opioids bound to receptors in the central nervous system.
Pharmacokinetics
| Route | Onset | Peak | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|
| IM/IV | 1-3 minutes | 5-15 minutes | 30-45 minutes |
Warnings and Precautions
Some evidence exists that suggests naloxone may be heat sensitive, losing some potency after 4+ weeks of storage at temperatures consistently above 40°C. Degraded medication is unlikely to be harmful to patients, but may not carry the same clinical effects, thus requiring higher doses.